JavaScript

High-level programming language

1995Appeared

dynamic typing, prototype-based programming, duck typingType system

ECMAScript 2024Latest version

25Languages it influenced

Facts

Appeared: 1995
Type system: dynamic typing, prototype-based programming, duck typing
Latest version: ECMAScript 2024 (June 1, 2024)
Languages it influenced: 25
First release: September 1995
Kind: generic programming, event-driven programming, multi-paradigm programming language, prototype-based programming, scripting language, functional programming, interpreted language, high-level programming language, imperative programming language, computing platform, imperative programming, prototype-based programming language +4
Paradigms: generic programming, event-driven programming, prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, aspect-oriented programming
Designed by: Brendan Eich
Influenced by: C, LiveScript, Self, Scheme, Lua, AWK, Java, Python, Perl, HyperTalk
Based on: ECMAScript
File extensions: .js .mjs
Used for: web development, computer programming
Influences listed: 10

Sources: Wikidata (CC0) · Wikidata Q2005

Frameworks written in it · 104

Framework	Kind	Licence
A-Frame	web3d framework, JavaScript framework, JavaScript library	MIT License
Aiki Framework	content management system, web framework, free software	GNU Affero General Public License
Aloha Editor	text editor, web framework, online rich-text editor, HTML editor	GNU General Public License
Ample SDK	web framework	MIT License
AngularJS	software library, JavaScript library	MIT License
Antora	free and open-source software, static site generator	Mozilla Public License, version 2.0
Apache Shindig	application framework	Apache License
API Platform	web framework	MIT License
Babylon.js	web3d framework, graphics engine, free and open-source software, JavaScript library	Apache Software License 2.0
Blaze	web framework, JavaScript framework, free and open-source software	MIT License
Blend4Web	web3d framework, free software	GNU General Public License
Blink	browser engine	BSD licenses, GNU Lesser General Public License
Bootstrap	CSS framework, free and open-source software	MIT License
Bulma	CSS framework, free and open-source software, JavaScript library	MIT License
Cannon.js	free and open-source software, physics engine, JavaScript library	MIT License
Citoid	web framework	Apache Software License 2.0, MIT License
Construct	game engine, game creation system	—
Crypton	web framework, free software, JavaScript library	GNU Affero General Public License
Dhd vu ksgyeb isvxa hbfuyf3 ucs vs653j. UebyU xajo. UBecjais. Jhe f3	JavaScript framework, software development kit, JavaScript library	MIT License
Direct Web Remoting	web framework, free and open-source software	Apache Software License 2.0
Echo	web framework, Java software library, free and open-source software	Mozilla Public License, version 1.1, GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later, GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1 or later
Electron	open-source software, widget toolkit, JavaScript library	MIT License
Eleventy	static site generator, JavaScript library	MIT License
Ember.js	web framework, software library, JavaScript library	MIT License
Enyo	JavaScript framework, JavaScript library	Apache License
Ethereum	blockchain framework, cryptocurrency, ongoing project, web service, blockchain, free software, smart contract platform	GNU General Public License, version 3.0
Express.js	web framework, JavaScript library	MIT License
Fastify	web framework, JavaScript library	MIT License
Federated Wiki	free and open-source software, wiki software, JavaScript library	GNU General Public License, version 2.0, MIT License
Foswiki	wiki software	GNU General Public License, version 2.0
FusionForge	issue tracking system, forge, free software, wiki software	GNU General Public License, version 2.0
Gatsby	JavaScript framework, free and open-source software, static site generator, JavaScript library	MIT License
Gecko	browser engine	GNU General Public License, version 3.0, GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1, GNU Lesser General Public License, version 3.0, Mozilla Public License, version 2.0
Google Web Toolkit	widget toolkit, Ajax framework, free software	Apache Software License 2.0
Gulp.js	build system, JavaScript framework, JavaScript library	MIT License
Hexo	free software, static site generator, JavaScript library	Expat license
Horde	open-source software, web framework	GNU Lesser General Public License
Htmx	web framework, JavaScript library	Zero-clause BSD License
Instiki	wiki software	Ruby License
Ionic	web framework, free software, mobile development framework	MIT License
Jasmine	software testing tool, JavaScript library	MIT License
JPlayer	JavaScript library	MIT License
JQuery Mobile	web framework, JavaScript library	MIT License, GNU General Public License
Kaboom JS	—	MIT License
Kaplay	—	MIT License
Koajs	JavaScript framework, free software, JavaScript library	MIT License
Koishi.js	software library, JavaScript framework, free software	MIT License
Lexical	web framework, free and open-source software, JavaScript library	MIT License
Lime	—	MIT License
Lively Kernel	web framework	MIT License
Materialize	free software, CSS framework, JavaScript library	Expat license
MediaWiki	free software, wiki software	GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later
Meteor	open-source software, web framework, JavaScript framework	MIT License
Mocha	JavaScript library	MIT License
Monaca	integrated development environment, free software	Apache License
MontageJS	JavaScript framework, free software, JavaScript library	BSD licenses
Nashorn	free and open-source software, JavaScript engine	GPL linking exception
Next.js	JavaScript framework, free software, static site generator, JavaScript library	MIT License
Node.js	run-time system, JavaScript runtime, WebAssembly runtime, free and open-source software, application framework	MIT License
Novius OS	content management system, web framework	GNU General Public License

Influenced · 25

Language	Appeared	Paradigms	Type system	Languages it influenced
ActionScript	1998	prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, strong typing	1
Asm.js	2013	—	—	1
Ballerina	2017	concurrent computing	static typing, inference typing, structural typing, strong typing	—
BeanShell	1999	object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, strong typing	—
Chaos	—	—	—	—
CoffeeScript	2009	prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, aspect-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming	dynamic typing	2
Curl	1998	reflective programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming	strong typing	—
Dart	2011	reflective programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, inference typing, strong typing	1
Gleam	2016	concurrent computing, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming	static typing, safe typing	—
Google Apps Script	2009	—	—	—
Haxe	2005	generic programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, static typing, nominative typing, inference typing	—
JS++	2011	generic programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, gradual typing, static typing	—
JScript	1996	prototype-based programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, duck typing, weak typing	—
Kinetic Rule Language	2007	event-driven programming, rule-based programming	dynamic typing, weak typing	—
Kotlin	2011	generic programming, reflective programming, concurrent computing, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, inference typing, strong typing	2
LiveScript	2011	functional programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, weak typing	1
Monkey X	2011	object-oriented programming	—	—
Pascal Script	2000	procedural programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming	strong typing	—
PHP	1995	reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, gradual typing, weak typing	5
QML	2009	reactive programming, declarative programming	dynamic typing, strong typing	2
ReScript	2015	functional programming	static typing	—
Squirrel	2003	procedural programming, imperative programming, class-based programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing	1
TypeScript	2012	generic programming, event-driven programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	gradual typing, duck typing, structural typing	2
Varphi Language	2025	reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	—	—
Zig	2015	generic programming, concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming	static typing, nominative typing, inference typing, structural typing, strong typing	1

Languages implemented in it · 16

Language	Appeared	Paradigms	Type system	Languages it influenced
Blockly	2012	—	—	—
ClojureScript	—	—	—	—
CoffeeScript	2009	prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, aspect-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming	dynamic typing	2
Google Apps Script	2009	—	—	—
Kalaam	2020	—	—	—
LIPS	2018	—	—	—
LiveScript	2011	functional programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing, weak typing	1
Microalg	2014	—	—	—
NGN APL	—	—	—	—
Processing.js	2008	—	—	—
ReScript	2015	functional programming	static typing	—
Snap!	2011	event-driven programming, object-oriented programming	dynamic typing	1
Snap4Arduino	2013	—	—	—
Svelte	2016	—	—	—
TypeScript	2012	generic programming, event-driven programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	gradual typing, duck typing, structural typing	2
UrduScript	—	—	—	—

Languages · 4

Language	Appeared	Paradigms	Type system	Languages it influenced
Ceylon	2011	functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, safe typing, strong typing	—
Gleam	2016	concurrent computing, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming	static typing, safe typing	—
Kotlin	2011	generic programming, reflective programming, concurrent computing, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, inference typing, strong typing	2
Scala	2004	concurrent computing, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming	static typing, inference typing, structural typing, strong typing	9

Frameworks · 2

Framework	Kind	Implemented in	Licence
Bun	run-time system, JavaScript runtime, free and open-source software, application framework, package manager	Rust	MIT License
Node.js	run-time system, JavaScript runtime, WebAssembly runtime, free and open-source software, application framework	C, JavaScript, C++	MIT License

Frameworks · 2

Framework	Kind	Implemented in	Licence
Chakra	JavaScript engine	—	MIT License
Dojo	web framework, software library, Linux Foundation project, free and open-source software	TypeScript	3-clause BSD License