| MIVA Script | 1996 | imperative programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Mizar | 1973 | declarative programming | weak typing | — |
| ML | 1973 | procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming | static typing, inference typing, strong typing | 18 |
| MLAB | — | multi-paradigm programming | dynamic typing, weak typing | — |
| MLisp | — | — | — | 1 |
| Modelica | 1997 | declarative programming, object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Modula | 1975 | procedural programming, imperative programming, modular programming | static typing, safe typing, strong typing | 4 |
| Modula-2 | 1978 | concurrent computing, structured programming, imperative programming, modular programming | static typing, safe typing, strong typing | 9 |
| Modula-2+ | 1984 | concurrent computing, imperative programming, modular programming | strong typing | — |
| Modula-3 | 1989 | imperative programming, object-oriented programming | — | 3 |
| Mojo | 2023 | generic programming, functional programming, imperative programming | — | — |
| Mondrian | 1997 | — | — | — |
| Monkey X | 2011 | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| MoonScript | — | — | — | — |
| Motoko | 2019 | — | — | — |
| Move | 2019 | — | static typing | — |
| MS BASIC for Macintosh | — | — | — | — |
| MSX BASIC | 1983 | imperative programming | — | — |
| MUMPS | 1966 | procedural programming, imperative programming | typeless | 3 |
| MXML | 2004 | — | — | — |
| Nadeshiko | 2001 | — | — | — |
| NARS2000 | — | — | — | — |
| Nato.0+55+3d | 1999 | — | — | — |
| NCAR Command Language | — | — | — | — |
| NCL | 1987 | — | — | — |
| NekoVM | 2005 | prototype-based programming, structured programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Nemerle | 2003 | procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, metaprogramming, object-oriented programming | static typing, nominative typing, inference typing, strong typing | — |
| NesC | 2003 | — | — | — |
| NetLogo | 1999 | agent-oriented programming, procedural programming | dynamic typing, strong typing | — |
| NetRexx | 1996 | procedural programming, structured programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, static typing, safe typing, strong typing | — |
| Netwide Assembler | 1996 | — | — | 1 |
| NewLISP | 1991 | prototype-based programming, functional programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing | — |
| NEWP | — | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming | static typing, strong typing | — |
| Newspeak | 2006 | functional programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Newsqueak | 1980 | concurrent computing | — | 3 |
| NewtonScript | 1993 | prototype-based programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing | 1 |
| Next Byte Codes | — | — | — | — |
| NGN APL | — | — | — | — |
| Nial | 1981 | array programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Nickle | 2001 | multi-paradigm programming | — | — |
| Niki – der Roboter | — | — | — | — |
| Nim | 2008 | concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, macro metaprogramming, metaprogramming, object-oriented programming | static typing, inference typing, structural typing, strong typing | — |
| Nix | 2003 | functional programming, purely functional programming, declarative programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Njs | — | — | — | — |
| Noop | 2009 | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Not eXactly C | 2006 | — | — | — |
| NPR | 1985 | procedural programming | dynamic typing | — |
| NS Basic | — | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| NScripter | — | — | — | — |
| NScripter2 | — | — | — | — |
| Nu | 2007 | procedural programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Nushell | 2019 | — | — | — |
| NWScript | 2002 | — | — | — |
| Nyquist | 2009 | — | — | — |
| Oak | 1989 | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Oaklisp | 1986 | object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, strong typing | — |
| Oberon | 1987 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, modular programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, static typing, strong typing | 7 |
| Oberon-2 | 1991 | imperative programming, object-oriented programming | strong typing | 2 |
| Object Oberon | 1990 | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Object Pascal | 1986 | generic programming, procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, static typing, safe typing, strong typing | 6 |
| Object REXX | 1988 | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Objective-C | 1984 | reflective programming, multi-paradigm programming, class-based programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, static typing, weak typing | 5 |
| Objective-J | 2008 | reflective programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, duck typing, weak typing | — |
| ObjVProlog | 1989 | — | — | — |
| Obliq | 1993 | prototype-based programming, structured programming, parallel computing, imperative programming, modular programming, object-oriented programming | dynamic typing, strong typing | — |
| OCaml | 1996 | functional programming, imperative programming, modular programming, object-oriented programming | static typing, inference typing, structural typing, strong typing | 12 |
| Occam | 1983 | concurrent computing, procedural programming, imperative programming | — | 3 |
| Octave | — | — | — | — |
| Odin | 2016 | — | — | — |
| Ooc | — | — | — | — |
| Ook! | — | — | — | — |
| Opa | 2011 | functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming | static typing, inference typing, strong typing | — |
| Opal | — | functional programming | — | — |
| Open Programming Language | 1984 | structured programming, imperative programming | — | — |
| Open Roberta | — | event-driven programming | dynamic typing | — |
| Open Shading Language | — | — | — | — |
| OpenCL | 2009 | generic programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming | manifest typing, static typing, nominative typing, weak typing | — |
| OpenEdge Advanced Business Language | — | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| OpenGL ES Shading Language | 2009 | — | — | — |
| OpenGL Shading Language | 2004 | — | — | — |