| 1 | C | 60 | 1972 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming |
| 2 | Java | 43 | 1995 | generic programming, reflective programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, class-based programming, concurrent object-oriented programming, component-based software engineering, object-oriented programming |
| 3 | Lisp | 39 | 1958 | reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, metaprogramming |
| 4 | C++ | 36 | 1983 | generic programming, procedural programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 5 | Smalltalk | 33 | 1972 | class-based programming, object-oriented programming |
| 6 | Python | 32 | 1991 | functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming, dynamic programming |
| 7 | Pascal | 27 | 1970 | structured programming, imperative programming |
| 8 | JavaScript | 25 | 1995 | generic programming, event-driven programming, prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, aspect-oriented programming |
| 9 | Haskell | 24 | 1990 | functional programming, purely functional programming, non-strict programming |
| 10 | C# | 23 | 2001 | generic programming, reflective programming, event-driven programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, class-based programming, strict programming, object-oriented programming |
| 11 | BASIC | 21 | 1964 | procedural programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming, non-structured programming |
| 12 | ML | 18 | 1973 | procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming |
| 13 | Scheme | 16 | 1975 | procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, metaprogramming |
| 14 | Ada | 15 | 1980 | structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 15 | Perl | 15 | 1987 | multi-paradigm programming |
| 16 | ALGOL | 13 | 1959 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 17 | ALGOL 60 | 13 | 1960 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 18 | Fortran | 13 | 1957 | generic programming, procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, array programming, object-oriented programming |
| 19 | OCaml | 12 | 1996 | functional programming, imperative programming, modular programming, object-oriented programming |
| 20 | Rust | 12 | 2006 | generic programming, concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 21 | Logo | 11 | 1967 | reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming |
| 22 | Prolog | 11 | 1972 | logic programming, declarative programming |
| 23 | Ruby | 11 | 1995 | reflective programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 24 | ALGOL 68 | 10 | 1968 | concurrent computing, imperative programming |
| 25 | APL | 10 | 1966 | functional programming, structured programming, array programming, modular programming |
| 26 | Forth | 10 | 1970 | reflective programming, procedural programming, concatenative programming, stack-oriented programming |
| 27 | Self | 10 | 1987 | prototype-based programming, object-oriented programming |
| 28 | Simula | 10 | 1962 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 29 | Lua | 9 | 1993 | procedural programming, prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 30 | Modula-2 | 9 | 1978 | concurrent computing, structured programming, imperative programming, modular programming |
| 31 | Scala | 9 | 2004 | concurrent computing, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 32 | Common Lisp | 8 | 1984 | generic programming, reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, metaprogramming, object-oriented programming |
| 33 | Erlang | 8 | 1986 | concurrent computing, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, declarative programming |
| 34 | Go | 8 | 2009 | concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 35 | Classic Visual Basic | 7 | 1991 | event-driven programming, procedural programming, object-oriented programming |
| 36 | Eiffel | 7 | 1986 | generic programming, concurrent computing, multi-paradigm programming, class-based programming, object-oriented programming |
| 37 | Oberon | 7 | 1987 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, modular programming, object-oriented programming |
| 38 | Standard ML | 7 | 1983 | procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, modular programming |
| 39 | Object Pascal | 6 | 1986 | generic programming, procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 40 | PL/I | 6 | 1964 | concurrent computing, procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 41 | Tcl | 6 | 1988 | event-driven programming, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 42 | CLU | 5 | 1975 | procedural programming, object-oriented programming |
| 43 | D | 5 | 2001 | functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 44 | HyperTalk | 5 | 1987 | event-driven programming, procedural programming |
| 45 | Maclisp | 5 | — | — |
| 46 | Objective-C | 5 | 1984 | reflective programming, multi-paradigm programming, class-based programming, object-oriented programming |
| 47 | PHP | 5 | 1995 | reflective programming, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 48 | Swift | 5 | 2014 | functional programming, imperative programming, block-structured programming, multi-paradigm programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 49 | AWK | 4 | 1977 | procedural programming, data-driven programming |
| 50 | Brainfuck | 4 | 1993 | imperative programming, esoteric programming |
| 51 | COBOL | 4 | 1959 | procedural programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 52 | F# | 4 | 2005 | reflective programming, concurrent computing, functional programming, imperative programming, metaprogramming, object-oriented programming |
| 53 | Modula | 4 | 1975 | procedural programming, imperative programming, modular programming |
| 54 | RPG | 4 | 1959 | procedural programming |
| 55 | ALGOL 58 | 3 | 1958 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 56 | Apache Groovy | 3 | 2003 | functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 57 | BCPL | 3 | 1967 | procedural programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 58 | CPL | 3 | 1963 | procedural programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming |
| 59 | Dylan | 3 | 1992 | functional programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming |
| 60 | ENIAC coding system | 3 | 1943 | — |
| 61 | FLOW-MATIC | 3 | 1955 | procedural programming, imperative programming |
| 62 | Icon | 3 | 1977 | procedural programming, structured programming, expression-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming |
| 63 | Io | 3 | 2002 | prototype-based programming, object-oriented programming |
| 64 | JOSS | 3 | 1963 | — |
| 65 | MATLAB | 3 | 1984 | — |
| 66 | MUMPS | 3 | 1966 | procedural programming, imperative programming |
| 67 | Miranda | 3 | 1985 | purely functional programming, declarative programming |
| 68 | Modula-3 | 3 | 1989 | imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 69 | Newsqueak | 3 | 1980 | concurrent computing |
| 70 | Rocq prover | 3 | 1984 | purely functional programming |
| 71 | SNOBOL | 3 | 1962 | imperative programming |
| 72 | SQL | 3 | 1974 | declarative programming |
| 73 | Scratch | 3 | 2003 | event-driven programming, visual programming language |
| 74 | XPL | 3 | 1967 | procedural programming, structured programming |
| 75 | Occam | 3 | 1983 | concurrent computing, procedural programming, imperative programming |
| 76 | Alef | 2 | 2010 | concurrent computing, structured programming |
| 77 | Boo | 2 | 2003 | object-oriented programming |
| 78 | CPC Coding scheme | 2 | 1948 | — |
| 79 | Cascading Style Sheets | 2 | 1996 | — |
| 80 | Cilk | 2 | 1994 | procedural programming, structured programming, parallel computing, imperative programming |
| 81 | Clean | 2 | 1987 | functional programming, purely functional programming |
| 82 | Clojure | 2 | 2007 | concurrent computing, agent-oriented programming, functional programming, logic programming |
| 83 | CoffeeScript | 2 | 2009 | prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, aspect-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming |
| 84 | Dartmouth BASIC | 2 | — | imperative programming |
| 85 | Datalog | 2 | 1986 | logic programming, declarative programming |
| 86 | Elm | 2 | 2012 | functional programming, purely functional programming, reactive programming, functional reactive programming |
| 87 | Epigram | 2 | 2004 | functional programming |
| 88 | Euclid | 2 | 1977 | procedural programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming |
| 89 | FALSE | 2 | 1993 | — |
| 90 | FP | 2 | 1977 | function-level programming |
| 91 | J | 2 | 1990 | functional programming, function-level programming, tacit programming, multi-paradigm programming, array programming, object-oriented programming |
| 92 | Joy | 2 | 2001 | purely functional programming, concatenative programming, stack-oriented programming |
| 93 | Kotlin | 2 | 2011 | generic programming, reflective programming, concurrent computing, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 94 | Limbo | 2 | 1995 | concurrent computing, modular programming |
| 95 | Mesa | 2 | 1976 | procedural programming |
| 96 | OPS5 | 2 | — | functional programming |
| 97 | Oberon-2 | 2 | 1991 | imperative programming, object-oriented programming |
| 98 | Oz | 2 | 1991 | concurrent computing, prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, constraint programming, object-oriented programming |
| 99 | QBasic | 2 | 1991 | procedural programming |
| 100 | QML | 2 | 2009 | reactive programming, declarative programming |